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University of Southern Maine
Libraries & Learning

Guide to Special Collections

Learn about accessing and using Special Collections resources for your courses or research projects.

About Manuscript Collections

This page includes information that will be helpful when you want to use our manuscript collections. 

Five of our seven collecting areas can be considered "manuscript collections," meaning they mostly contain primary sources, unpublished materials, personal papers, and archives. These five are the Manuscript Collection, African American Collection, Judaica Collection, LGBTQ+ Collection, and Sampson General Collection.

About the Catalog

The Franco-American and Special Collections Catalog contains records for over 300 manuscript collections. These records may be known as catalog records, resource records, or finding aids. For detailed information about searching and browsing the catalog, please see the Guide to Using the USM Franco-American and Special Collections Archives Catalog.

Selecting Primary Sources Using Catalog Records

  1. Select a collection in the Franco-American and Special Collections Catalog by browsing or keyword searching. See our Guide to Using the USM Franco-American and Special Collections Archives Catalog for search tips.
  2. Read the Abstract or Biographical/Historical Note to learn about the person or organization who created the collection.
    • How are they related to your research topic?
    • When did they participate in the activities that relate to your topic?
  3. Read the Abstract or Scope and Content Note to learn about what's in the collection.
    • Does the collection contain materials that relate to your research topic?
    • Where are those materials concentrated? Are there series or subseries that contain the most relevant materials?

In the image below, we have selected a folder titled "U.S. Constitution." By reading the Scope and Content Note from the collection, we know that the folder contains lecture notes for a lecture about the U.S. Constitution (not the Constitution itself. From the Biographical/Historical Note (not pictured), we know that Esther Wood was a history teacher at Gorham State Teachers College. Click the image below to browse more materials from the Esther Wood Papers.

Requesting Primary Sources Using Catalog Records

Manuscript collections are stored in a closed stacks, meaning only Special Collections staff can get them for you. Staff will retrieve one cart of materials at a time (between 6 and 12 boxes fit on a cart).

  1. Select a collection in the Franco-American and Special Collections Catalog. See our Guide to Using the USM Franco-American and Special Collections Archives Catalog for search tips.
  2. Note the Collection Number and Title of the collection. (A and B in the image below.)
  3. If the collection is processed, review the Collection Organization
    • Focus on the most relevant series or subseries, based on your review of the above notes.
    • Identify the Box Number, Folder/Item Number, Title, and Date Range of the folders or items you want to review (C and D in the image below).
  4. If the collection is unprocessed, request an inventory from us to review a list of folder titles and items in the collection.
    • Email usm.specialcollections@maine.edu to request an inventory.
    • In your reply, identify the Box Number, Folder/Item Number, Title, and Date Range of the folders or items you want to review.
    • Allow two days for us to review your requested folders for privacy restrictions.
  5. In the Special Collections Reading Room, request the folders or items you want to review. 
    • Pick up a call slip from the reference desk.
    • Write the Collection Number, Collection Title, Box Number, and Folder Number on the call slip.
    • Write your name and the date on the call slip.

Notes

  • If the box or folder number includes notations like OS or Oversize, include it as part of the number.
  • For items, include Item as part of the item number.
  • If a box, folder, or item number includes RESTRICTED, it cannot be accessed. Please feel free to inquire about the terms of the restriction.

Catalog Records for Manuscript Collections

Hierarchical Records

Manuscript collections are described in a hierarchical format that includes descriptive records for the collection, the series within it, folders, and items. Catalog records in the Franco-American and Special Collections Catalog describe each of these units.

Processed collections typically have records from the collection level down to the folder level, while unprocessed collections only have one record at the collection level.

Collection-Level Records

We often call the collection-level catalog record for a manuscript collection a "finding aid." It's also known as a resource record. This record includes descriptive notes about the collection and links to all the records within it.

When requesting a collection in the Reading Room, you won't be able to request the whole collection unless it's very small. You'll have to request specific folders and items, either by browsing the folder and item level records (for processed collections) or requesting and browsing a separate inventory spreadsheet (for unprocessed collections).

See an example of a collection-level record for the Dale McCormick Papers (LG-MS0031).

Series-Level Records

Series level records are similar to collection-level records because series are like collections within a collection. A series record may contain descriptive notes and contain links to the folders and items within it. Like a collection record, you can't request an entire series.

See an example of a series-level record for Series 5, Legislative and Political Activity, 1977 - 1993 in LG-MS0031.

Folder- and Item-Level Records

Folder and item records describe real folders and items located in our closed stack storage area. These are the records you use to request the resources you want to see. Most collections don't include item records for the items stored within the folder, like an individual letter or photograph. If we created records for all of those, we would all be overwhelmed by millions of records.

Folders are described with minimal notes, usually only a title and date range. You can use this information, combined with information from the collection and series records, to evaluate whether the folder might be useful to you.

See an example of a folder-level record for Folder 147, Hate Crimes Bill, 1984 - 1989, located in box 10 of LG-MS0031.

Folders records include a physical address for the folder, which usually consists of a box number. Always include the box number when requesting a folder. If a folder doesn't have a box number, it's probably located in a special storage location. The Reading Room staff will be able to find it.

 

Processed Collections

Processed collections have complete catalog records that help researchers fully understand the contents of a collection. Processed collections are available for use in the Reading Room any time.

You can identify a processed collection in one of two ways:

  • The "Collection organization" section of the catalog record includes a list of series, subseries, folder, and/or item records.
  • In the "Finding Aid & Administrative Information" section of the catalog record, the Status field is Completed.

Unprocessed Collections

Unprocessed collections don't have complete catalog records yet, but they are available for use! Upon request, Special Collections staff will provide you with a collection inventory to help you identify whether the collection contains materials related to your research project.

You can identify an unprocessed collection in one of two ways:

  • The "Arrangement" field in the catalog record begins with the word Unprocessed.
  • In the "Finding Aid & Administrative Information" section of the catalog record, the Status field is Unprocessed.

To protect third-party privacy, Special Collections staff will review unprocessed collections before you use them. Please email usm.specialcollections@maine.edu at least 2 days before your visit if you plan to research an unprocessed collection.

Call Numbers for Manuscript Collections

Special Collections staff use call numbers to identify and retrieve collections for use by students and other researchers.

Manuscript collections are identified by a call number that includes a collection prefix followed by "MS" and a serial number. The five call number prefixes are:

  • GEN - Manuscript Collection
  • AA - African American Collection
  • JUD - Judaica Collection
  • LG - LGBTQ+ Collection
  • SAMGEN - Sampson General Collection

Example call numbers with collection titles and catalog links: